Around one in six adults in the UK has low vitamin D levels, according to the NHS. This deficiency can lead to bone pain, muscle weakness, and even rickets in severe cases. Despite official advice to take a daily 10 microgram supplement between October and March—and year-round for some groups—only about one in six adults regularly takes supplements. Health professionals warn that deficiency often manifests subtly, particularly on the skin and legs, and early detection can prevent long-term issues.
Six Key Symptoms of Vitamin D Deficiency
Experts have identified six warning signs that may indicate low vitamin D levels. These symptoms should prompt a conversation with a healthcare provider, especially if they persist.
1. Slow-Healing Wounds
Cuts or scrapes that take longer than usual to heal could be a sign of vitamin D deficiency. The vitamin helps the body produce compounds essential for skin repair and regeneration. Low levels may slow healing and increase infection risk. However, slow healing can also be linked to other conditions, so persistent issues should be checked by a GP.
2. Dry or Itchy Skin
Persistent itching or dryness—especially in winter—may not be solely due to cold weather. According to The Nutritionist, low vitamin D can affect the skin's ability to retain moisture, potentially leading to irritation or flare-ups of conditions like eczema or psoriasis.
3. Eczema Flare-Ups
Some studies suggest that people with lower vitamin D levels may experience more severe eczema symptoms, particularly children. While research is ongoing, vitamin D supports the immune system and helps maintain the skin's protective barrier, both important in managing inflammatory skin conditions, writes Ben Hurst from the Mirror.
4. Dull or Flaky Skin
Skin that appears lacklustre, rough, or flaky could also point to a deficiency. Vitamin D supports healthy skin cell turnover, helping maintain a smoother, more radiant complexion. However, dehydration, poor diet, or lack of sleep can also contribute.
5. Leg Pain and Muscle Weakness
One of the more serious signs of deficiency can appear in the legs. Low vitamin D levels can lead to muscle weakness and bone pain, making everyday movements—such as climbing stairs or standing up from a chair—more difficult. According to Yale Medicine, this happens because the body struggles to absorb calcium properly, increasing the risk of aches, fractures, and falls, particularly in older adults.
6. Excessive Sweating
Unexplained sweating, especially around the head and face, is often overlooked but can be an early warning sign. Dr Stephanie Barrett explained: "Excessive sweating not in line with the temperature or any other related conditions should be investigated as it could be an indication that an increase of vitamin D is needed." Vitamin D plays a role in regulating sweat glands, and low levels may lead to overactive sweating, even when temperatures are not high.
Why It Matters
Experts stress that vitamin D deficiency can develop gradually and may not always be obvious at first. As well as diet and sunlight exposure, other factors such as age, lifestyle, underlying health conditions, and time spent indoors can all affect levels.
If you are concerned about symptoms, it is best to speak to a healthcare professional. In many cases, a simple blood test can confirm whether levels are low and whether supplements or lifestyle changes are needed.
With limited sunlight for much of the year in the UK, staying aware of the signs—and taking preventative steps—can make a significant difference to both short-term wellbeing and long-term health.
