The NHS has issued a stark winter health warning, urging the public not to dismiss an unusually pale complexion, as it could be a potential indicator of a serious blood cancer.
Health officials are advising anyone who notices they look "pale" or "washed out", particularly if this is not normal for them or if it appears alongside other concerning symptoms, to consult their GP promptly.
Understanding Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML)
The guidance focuses on acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), a cancer that affects the white blood cells. The NHS stresses that AML "progresses quickly and aggressively, and usually requires immediate treatment."
While it is most commonly diagnosed in people aged over 75, it can affect adults of any age. Across the UK, approximately 3,100 new cases are identified each year, making it a relatively rare form of cancer.
Medical experts explain that AML is categorised by the type of white blood cell impacted. The disease affects cells that develop from myeloid stem cells, which include monocytes and granulocytes.
Key Symptoms and When to Act
The symptoms of AML typically develop over a few weeks and progressively worsen. Alongside paleness, the NHS lists several other warning signs to watch for.
- Feeling tired or breathless
- Frequent infections
- Unusual and frequent bruising or bleeding (such as bleeding gums or nosebleeds)
- Unexplained fevers or night sweats
- Bone and joint pain
- Feeling generally unwell
The NHS strongly encourages people to "speak to a GP if you or your child have possible symptoms of AML." They note that while it is "highly unlikely that leukaemia is the cause, these symptoms should be investigated."
Seeking advice early can lead to less intrusive initial examinations and fewer appointments if a problem is identified swiftly.
Causes, Diagnosis, and Next Steps
In most instances, the cause of AML is not clear. The NHS states that "in most cases, there's no identifiable cause," though certain pre-existing conditions and previous cancer treatments can increase risk.
If a GP suspects leukaemia, they will arrange blood tests to check the levels and appearance of blood cells. Should these tests suggest a potential issue, patients are urgently referred to a haematologist – a specialist in blood disorders – for further assessment and to begin any necessary treatment.
This winter alert serves as a crucial reminder for the public to be vigilant about persistent changes in their health and to seek professional medical advice without delay.
